A

academic degrees

When referring to bachelor’s and master’s degrees in general, lowercase and make possessive. When referring to doctoral degrees in general, use doctorate for the noun and doctoral for the adjective.

Capitalize formal names of academic degrees: Bachelor of Science, Master of Architecture, etc.

When using an abbreviation for a degree, do not add the word degree: ”He has an AB in history.” Preferred style for degree abbreviations does not include periods. Also, such an abbreviation is set off by commas following a name (e.g., William H. Webster, JD ’49, chaired the School of Law’s Building for a New Century campaign.)

See Appendix D for listing of degrees awarded at Washington University.

   
academic units See Appendix C.
   
accommodate, accommodations The only spellings
   
acknowledgment Preferred spelling
   
ADA Americans with Disabilities Act. Spell out in first reference. Also, put people before condition by using “people with disabilities” rather than “the disabled,” “people with mental retardation” rather than “the mentally retarded,” etc.
   
addresses

Following are samples of correct mailing addresses for the University:

Danforth Campus
Washington University in St. Louis
Office of Public Affairs
Campus Box 1070
One Brookings Drive
St. Louis, MO 63130-4899

Medical Campus
Washington University in St. Louis
Medical Public Affairs
Campus Box 8508
4444 Forest Park, Suite 6500
St. Louis, MO 63108-2259

North Campus
Washington University in St. Louis
Parking and Transportation Services
Campus Box 1200
One Brookings Drive
St. Louis, MO 63130-4899

West Campus
Washington University in St. Louis
Major Gifts and Capital Projects
Campus Box 1200
7425 Forsyth Blvd.
St. Louis, MO 63105-2103

   
ADIS codes

Avoid use of ADIS (Alumni and Development Information System) codes to identify the schools from which alumni graduated.

Exception: the University’s annual report and “ClassMates” in Washington University Magazine and Alumni News. A key is recommended if ADIS codes are used.

   
admissions The official title is Office of Undergraduate Admissions. The admissions office is acceptable on subsequent references; capitalize the shorter Admissions Office in undergraduate recruitment pieces.
   
adviser The preferred spelling, although advisor is to be used in Arts & Sciences pieces and undergraduate recruitment materials.
   
aesthetics Preferred spelling
   
affect, effect Affect is a verb meaning “to influence”; it should not be used as a noun except for the rare occasions when it is used as a psychology term to describe an emotion. Effect, as a verb, means “to cause”; as a noun, it means “result.”
   
African American (noun), African-American (adjective)

See black.

Exception: Use “African & African American Studies” for this program’s name.

   
ALLIANCE FOR WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY This fundraising campaign ran from May 2, 1983, through December 31, 1987. When referring to this campaign, use caps and small caps when typeset; use all caps when typewritten. The prefacing the in “the ALLIANCE FOR WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY” is not part of the formal title and so is not capitalized.
   
all ready, already “He was now all ready to go, but the carriage had already departed.”
   
alma mater Do not italicize.
   
alumni Use the plural alumni, which is the correct form when graduates include both genders, whenever possible (do not use the awkward alumni/ae). Do not use the masculine singular form of alumnus as a general term including women. Alumna is the feminine singular to be used for a female graduate; alumnae, the feminine plural to be used when all members of the group are female.
   
Alumni and Development Programs, Office of  
   
American Indian American Indian is preferred to Native American.
   
Annual Fund Use caps.
   
apostrophe

For possessive nouns: “the boy’s bike”

For shortening decades: “the ’60s” (Note: No apostrophe after 60)

When noun ends in “s,” don’t add an extra “s”: “Keats’ ’Ode to Psyche’ ”

Don’t use apostrophe to indicate plurals of figures, letters, words: “in the 1700s,” “42s and 43s,” “whats, whys, or wherefores” (Exception: A’s, B’s, C’s)

For possessives: “class’, classes’ ”

   
archaeology Preferred spelling
   
Architecture, College of Use the full name, College of Architecture in the Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts, on first reference. On subsequent references, use “College of Architecture,” “architecture college,” or “Architecture.” When referring to both the undergraduate and graduate units, use “College of Architecture/Graduate School of Architecture & Urban Design.”
   
Architecture & Urban Design, Graduate School of Use the full name, Graduate School of Architecture & Urban Design in the Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts, on first reference. On subsequent references, use “Graduate School of Architecture” or “architecture graduate school.” When referring to both the undergraduate and graduate units, use “College of Architecture/Graduate School of Architecture & Urban Design.”
   
Art, College of Use the full name, College of Art in the Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts, on first reference. On subsequent references, use “College of Art,” “art college,” or “Art.” When referring to both the undergraduate and graduate units, use “College of Art/Graduate School of Art.”
   
Art, Graduate School of Use the full name, Graduate School of Art in the Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts, on first reference. On subsequent references, use “Graduate School of Art” or “art graduate school .” When referring to both the undergraduate and graduate units, use “College of Art/Graduate School of Art.”
   
Art Museum, Mildred Lane Kemper On first reference, use the full name, Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum. On second reference, identify it as the “Kemper Art Museum, part of the Sam Fox School of Design & Visual Arts at Washington University in St. Louis.” On subsequent references, only “Kemper Art Museum” is acceptable.
   
Arts & Sciences

Arts & Sciences encompasses the College of Arts & Sciences, the Graduate School of Arts & Sciences, and University College (including Summer School). In publications, cite the full name (i.e., College of Arts & Sciences) on covers and on first reference. Ampersand is preferred.

The words “Arts & Sciences” are to be used in all news stories, articles, features, and publications that mention any of the departments, centers, programs, or units in Arts & Sciences. For example, the first reference in an article would cite the “Department of Psychology in Arts & Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis.”

   
Athletic Complex  
   
awardwinning (adjective), but Academy Award-winning (adjective with proper name)